NEURO

Not only do adult smokers with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder consume the most caffeine, but they are also most at risk of adverse health effects. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/JtrPuh1

Researchers are utilizing the C. elegans worm to investigate the emerging theory that Parkinson's disease starts in the gut and spreads to the brain. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/ozJ81hw

High-frequency spinal cord stimulation may provide symptom relief to those suffering from diabetic neuropathy. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/Ui2OCXI

In babies born preterm, the cerebral cortex, a brain area associated with learning and cognition is often underdeveloped. In preterm babies fed larger quantities of breastmilk, the cerebral cortex resembled those of babies born full term. Researchers say breastfeeding could help to reduce learning and behavioral deficits associated with preterm birth. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/0J51HIS

A genetic subtype of ASD and schizophrenia have a duplicate gene that triggers overactivity in neural circuits, leading to social deficits and seizures. When researchers reduced the level of the PRRT2 gene in mouse models of 16p11.2 duplication syndrome, social behaviors were restored and seizure activity decreased. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/EPUKTcs

A new blood-based test to screen for biomarkers of glioblastoma brain cancer has been developed by researchers at Penn State. The test looks for elevated levels of IL13Rα2, an antigen receptor that is derived from glioblastoma tumors. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/MwThpoa

In those with Alzheimer's disease, the choroid plexus becomes enlarged and has increased accumulation of abnormal inflammatory signatures. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/BWc2MAq

Endophilin A1, a gene associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease also blocks the process by which the brain and body recycle waste. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/XeunkYo

Researchers have identified a novel stress-sensitive pathway in the reward system of the brain that releases corticotropin-releasing hormone in response to stress. Adverse experiences cause this pathway to become overactive. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/A2C4RmD

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Exercise intervention that lasts 12 weeks or less appears to be most effective at reducing mental health symptoms, especially for those suffering from anxiety and depression. Higher-intensity exercise proved more beneficial in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression than longer-duration programs. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/DYMVra1

HDAC5, the "epigenetics" enzyme, plays a key role in limiting opioid-associated memories and drug-seeking behaviors following abstinence from drugs in rats. The findings provide a new avenue for the treatment of opioid addiction. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/TQGrzbO

While brain lesions may be a key marker for Multiple Sclerosis, they may not actually be drivers of disability progression, a new study reports. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/Xf62rwR

Traumatic brain injuries may increase the risk of developing glioma brain cancer later in life, researchers report. The study found brain injury caused specific genetic mutations to synergize with inflammation, making brain cells more likely to become cancerous. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/QwHWR7M

When their brains are stimulated with leptin, an appetite-suppressing hormone, hungry mice prioritize mating and interacting with mice of the opposite gender over eating. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/7breknt

Recent studies have explored the use of psychedelics for the treatment of a range of mental health disorders. A new study reveals more insightful and mystical "trips" while exposed to psychedelics may be linked to an enduring reduction of symptoms for those with anxiety and depression. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/xW0D7nf

Findings suggest up to 8% of deaths by any cause could be attributed to poor sleep patterns. Researchers say those who have healthier sleep habits are incrementally less likely to die early. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/KT0DNHA

Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a naturally occurring dietary supplement can enter the brain and alter the metabolism of biological pathways associated with Alzheimer's disease. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/ahEoYKO

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Non-surgical focused ultrasound treatments significantly improve movement, tremors, and other physical symptoms of Parkinson's disease, researchers report. Two-thirds of patients who received focused ultrasound reported improvements in symptoms for up to a year following treatment. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/Ps7xDlV

At any age, regular exercise or physical activity helps to maintain brain function during old age. However, maintaining a frequent workout schedule throughout life was linked to better mental acuity, memory, and cognition later in life. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/keFyG9B

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Prazosin, an FDA-approved medication for the treatment of hypertension may help to prevent relapse in people with cardiovascular and behavioral symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, a new study reports. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/1jTQOey

Fentanyl enhances direct pathway medium spiny neurons activity in the striatum. During withdrawal from the opioid, inhibitory signals from direct pathway medium spiny neurons to dopaminergic neurons become enhanced. The enhanced suppression of dopaminergic neurons contributes to the negative emotions associated with fentanyl withdrawal. Inhibiting the direct pathway medium spiny neurons can reduce withdrawal symptoms and associated anxiety behaviors. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/V7e96DW

While there is clear potential to use ChatGPT in a clinical setting, researchers say the AI algorithm may not yet be a reliable way of replacing the family doctor, especially when it comes to making effective decisions about prescribing antibiotics for infections. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/LbzTBAI

Apremilast, an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of skin conditions including psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, triggers increased activity in the nucleus accumbens, a brain area associated with regulating alcohol intake. Apremilast reduced drinking behaviors in mouse models with a genetic risk of alcohol use disorder. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/KUo2D1J

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Small temperature increases while stimulating the brain can alter brain activity, sometimes with negative consequences. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/6Z1r8TW

Spinal cord stimulation restores movement in the arms of stroke patients with locomotion problems, researchers report. The treatment has the potential to improve the quality of life for those who suffer arm paralysis following a stroke. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/oeGIbUw

Those with cocaine use disorder who were administered ketamine for depression or pain experienced two-to-four times higher remission rate. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/lwUEgbT

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Food insecurity was associated with accelerated cognitive decline and brain aging in older adults. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/vX4fSOm

REM sleep is 30 minutes longer in Winter than in Summer for most people, a new study reveals. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/rdlCOws

Researchers have identified the in-vivo dynamics of synapses that underlie fear memory formation and extinction in the living brain. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/XSyCQJP

A study of brain function in cosmonauts reveals how the brain's organization changes after an extended period in space, demonstrating the adaption required to live in a weightless environment. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/SgpBfm5

Child tax credit not only helped to reduce childhood poverty, but the expansion of monthly payments also helped to reduce child abuse and neglect, a new study reports. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/EZyANsR

People with kleptomania, or the overwhelming impulse to commit theft or shoplift, exhibit distinct patterns of gaze and brain activity when exposed to environmental cues associated with their compulsion. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/mA8BnFd

Vasodilators such as fasudil, commonly used for the treatment of stroke, restored pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex of mouse models of schizophrenia associated with genetics. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/4HKldow

Researchers have created a new model of the blood-brain barrier that can mimic fluid flow to and from the brain. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/WjkgZql

Mothers who experience depression take longer to respond to their children during a back-and-forth conversation. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/6zQ0eiF

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Study is the first to find mirror neurons in mice and in the hypothalamus, suggesting mirror neurons may have a more primal origin than previously believed. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/FyNeSfQ

Children constantly assist others every time they need help if there is no personal cost to helping, a new study reports. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/Q90Mrkt

Environmental sensory signals are integrated differently in those with Fragile X syndrome, causing them to be underrepresented by cortical pyramidal neurons. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/oCzYV7I

Study reveals functional connectivity abnormalities in brain areas associated with reward processing, habit formation, and decision-making in those with substance use disorders and addiction. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/XYJraAs

Researchers report a greater concentration of alpha-synuclein aggregates was found in stool samples from Parkinson's patients who suffered isolated REM-sleep behavior disorder. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/6317fzb

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Blocking the activity of the reactor called the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in T cells resulted in both a decrease in inflammation and recovery in mouse models of multiple sclerosis. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/5sWaJet

The Blue Brain Project has released a new and enriched 3D digital cell atlas containing more neuron types than the previous version. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/p8ZXT9S

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During periods of social isolation, astrocytes in the brain become hyperactive. This suppresses circuit formation and memory formation. Reversing astrocyte hyperactivity can help mitigate memory deficits associated with social isolation. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/Hlc9sSE

Researchers have developed a new method that can predict a person's risk of cognitive decline based on how well they can balance. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/YH9gwlO

Even the best models for recognizing facial emotions fall short of real human judgment. Additionally, individual differences mean different people read different emotions from the same face, making it harder to ascertain exactly which facial movements are systematically linked to different emotional states. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/ZxdQker

Researchers say that late-morning exercise may be more effective in boosting metabolism and burning fat than late-evening exercise. The findings could prove valuable to those who are overweight and looking to lose fat by implementing an exercise program. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2m6UXjT

Researchers explain how deep neural networks are able to learn complex physics. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/ekdY8hg

Study identifies the mechanisms behind regenerating new cochlear hair cells. The findings could have positive implications for treating or reversing hearing loss associated with damage to cochlear hair cells. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/DcA59eI

Study reveals how neural populations in different people synchronize during social interaction and tasks of cooperation. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/JiuIKlT

Fructose produced by the brain can lead to inflammation and ultimately Alzheimer's disease, a new study reports. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/KxYvAlW

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The chance a former football player will be diagnosed with hypertension when they retire rises in step with the number of concussions they experienced during their career. High blood pressure may be another driver of cognitive decline in conjunction with repeated TBI for football players. However, controlling blood pressure could help slow both cardiovascular and cognitive decline. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/cSx1CIQ

A person's sex is one of the main drivers of altered gene expression in motor neurons, regardless of whether they were derived from patients diagnosed with ALS. Male ALS stem cells generated significantly more motor neurons than the control group, however, this was not seen in female samples. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/T9NXfU3

REM sleep behavior disorder, or parasomnia, affects more than 80 million people worldwide. The disorder causes sufferers to experience nightmare-like violent dreams. Sufferers act on their dreams while sleeping, often resulting in violent or dangerous sleep behaviors and injuries. Researchers propose new guidelines, including medical and pharmacological recommendations, to help curb symptoms of parasomnia and promote healthier sleep. from Neuroscience News https://neurosciencenews.com/rem-sleep-behavior-dreaming-22485/

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"Dry scooping" or directly consuming pre-workout drink powders without adding liquid is becoming an increasingly concerning dietary fad in young adolescents and young adults. Dry scooping has been associated with extremely negative health outcomes including risk of inhalation, cardiac abnormalities, and digestive issues. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/Ih3CQaB

Women seeking abortions are three times more likely to suffer from a mental health disorder, and restrictive abortion rights will only cause more women to experience mental health problems, researchers say. Additionally, the physical and emotional stress caused as a result of forced pregnancy will have a detrimental impact on the brain development of the fetus, raising the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/z75ukTW

Advancements in brain mapping and the development of new digital tools over the past decade have opened the door to exciting new discoveries in neuroscience and brain sciences. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/pXft89S

Researchers have compiled a comprehensive inventory of social aspects of the aging population that can predict longevity. Feeling socially isolated, living in a neighborhood with poor cleanliness, and lower perceived control over financial situations appear to contribute to early death in the aging population. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/SRqjcL1

Study confirms that repeated head injuries, concussions, and traumatic brain injury are the chief risk factors for the development of CTE. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/1dcfF0M

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Female serial killers are considered fairly anomalous. Research into females who commit serial killings has been pretty limited, until now. Researchers have identified certain characteristics of female serial killers, finding they tend to be white, married at least once, are below average intelligence, and are more likely to be employed in health care professions. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/kEL59Fg

Cerebral spinal fluid may play a key, underrecognized role in normal brain development and neurodevelopmental disorders. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/e9TNqIy

A newly discovered neural circuit in the thalamus prevented reward-seeking behaviors when activated in a preclinical model. When blocked, this circuit increases high-risk reward-seeking behaviors. The findings could lead to new therapies for addiction and other disorders associated with high-risk reward-seeking behaviors. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/YTf0793

The blood level of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) cellular component increases when astrocytes are damaged or activated. Elevated levels of GFAP in the blood can indicate both the current and future progression of multiple sclerosis. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/Z0U6LrV

Children with conduct disorders who were exposed to maltreatment showed far more extensive changes in brain structure compared to children with conduct disorders who were not mistreated. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/O9vEPUY

Musicians and musically active people tend to have a higher genetic risk factor for bipolar disorder and depression, a new study reports. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/uW0lHdI

People with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have abnormally low levels of specific health-promoting gut bacterial species than those without the disorders. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/GcxwU7q

Findings of a new study suggest more research needs to be done to identify the major factors contributing to the rate of cognitive decline associated with aging. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/VKfUXQ1

Sleep deprivation doesn't just alter brain activity, it also changes the connection between neurons. Both changes have a significant effect on working memory and cognitive performance. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/HSb01VO

In people with PTSD, during REM sleep norepinephrine and serotonin levels remain high, reducing the brain's ability to inhibit fear-expression neurons through neural rhythms sent between the prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Those with PTSD require higher frequency rhythms to extinguish fear memories. Researchers say unlocking the higher frequencies via therapies could help to restore quality sleep in those with PTSD. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/iThy3dp

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In older adults, major depression has been linked to mitochondrial deterioration. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/wAnkHEi

Calcium signaling was found to be a central abnormality in schizophrenia neurons. Targeting calcium signaling in neurons could be a potential new way to treat the 16p11.2 duplication variation of schizophrenia. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/rV4OYpK

The connection between dopamine and counterfactual information, or notions of relief and regret, is altered in those with alcohol use disorder. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/wP5t7uv

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Using theranostics to pinpoint and treat the earliest, preclinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, researchers say their new method shows promise in stopping the progression of Alzheimer's pathologies before the onset of irreversible neural damage. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2hW1wZ0

In order to perform certain skilled movement tasks, such as playing the piano or dancing, the brain "zips and unzips" information about the timing and order of movements ahead of the action being performed. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/zN3UBWh

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Variable stimuli may lead to better learning performance and outcomes under novel circumstances, a new study reports. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/kwbahz1

Ultra-processed foods have been linked to accelerated cognitive decline associated with aging and an increased risk of developing dementia. Researchers say it may be possible to mitigate some negative dietary effects on cognition by adopting a healthier diet, such as the keto or Mediterranean diet. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/ExeKdXI

Adding a dash of cinnamon to your diet, or chewing on a stick of cinnamon gum can help boost memory and learning, and stave off some symptoms of anxiety, a new study finds. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/LE0T2li