NEURO

The objective of this study was to evaluate total protein (TP) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and immunoglobulins in the serum and CSF in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS). We also assessed the correlations of these variables with sALS progression and severity and estimated their roles in predicting prognosis. from Journal of the Neurological Sciences https://ift.tt/3aN2SIR

LIN28, a molecule that regulates cell growth could help in the treatment of spinal cord injury and optic nerve damage. When expressed above normal levels, the molecule fuels axon growth in mice with injury, enabling the body to repair damaged nerves. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2WcGnbg

A new genetics test for COVID-19 has been developed by an international team of researchers. The full genome sequencing test can not only provide accurate results in less than two minutes, but it can also extract intricate and highly complex genetic data about the strain of the coronavirus infection. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3d0deqv

Older people who experience a worsening in insomnia symptoms are thirty times more likely to be diagnosed with major depression than those whose sleep patterns improved. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3d10qQC

Fellows’ Journal Club This study included 520 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (49.4% men; mean age, 72 years) who underwent CTA to evaluate large-vessel occlusion of the proximal anterior circulation. CTA scans were retrospectively reviewed by a consensus panel of 2 neuroradiologists. The prevalence of large-vessel occlusion was 16% (84/520 patients); 20% (17/84) of large-vessel occlusions were missed atthe initial CTA evaluation. In multivariate analysis, non-neuroradiologists were more likely to miss large-vessel occlusion compared with neuroradiologists, and occlusions of the M2 segment were more likely to be missed compared with occlusions of the distal internal carotid artery and/or M1 segment. Calcified emboli were present in 4 of 17 (24%) initially missed or misinterpreted large-vessel occlusions. Abstract A 70-year-old male patient with acute ischemic stroke. At initial CTA evaluation, LVO due to a calcified embolus in the M2 seg...

Researchers have developed a new approach to prevent amyloid plaque formation by engineering a nanodevice that captures the peptides before they can assemble. The silica nanodevice might be a new tool in the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases associated with amyloid-beta. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2SnBkUl

Researchers warn early encouraging signals from small-scale preliminary trials for the use of hydroxychloroquine to treat coronavirus should be taken with caution. Current evidence suggests chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine can not be used as a general treatment for all COVID-19 infections. Researchers say the medications should be restricted for the treatment of COVID-19 patients with pneumonia and high death risk, and only then as part of a clinical trial. The study also points out the negative side effects produced by the anti-malarial drugs and warns that those who need the medication to treat Lupus might not have access to treatment if widespread use for coronavirus occurs. The study reports there is no evidence to support the mass use of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine to prevent infection from occurring. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2KPYQoJ

A prosthetic arm that is attached to the bone and controlled by electrodes implanted in nerves and muscles can operate more precisely than conventional prosthetic limbs. Researchers improved the neuroprosthetic hand by integrating tactile sensory feedback, so the patient can "feel" items. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3cUT69c

A newly developed peptide called Tat-P4-(C5)2 is targets and only affects nerve changes that pose a problem resulting in chronic pain. Previous studies have also shown the peptide can also reduce addiction. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3d2gDoz

A new study puts into question conventional belief that the eyes communicate with the brain exclusively via one signaling pathway. Researchers have identified a subset of retinal neurons that sends inhibitory signals to the brain. This subset of neurons is also involved in the synchronization of circadian rhythms to light/dark cycles and pupil constriction to bright light intensity. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3aVEGnD

Linking two copies of a specific antibody produced by llamas, researchers have created a new antibody that binds tightly to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The antibody, called VHH-72, blocks the virus from infecting cells in lab cultures. Researchers say this is one of the first antibodies found to neutralizes SARS-CoV-2. Animal studies are currently underway to test if the antibody is viable in the fight against coronavirus. If successful, the antibody therapy will move into human testing. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2WbLatj

This Viewpoint discusses white matter degeneration as a potentially treatable target for reducing cognitive impairment and dementia. from journals https://ift.tt/2W1INcH

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In a new  JAMA  podcast,  University of Florida  neurology chair Dr. Michael Okun discusses the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease. For more information read Okun’s JAMA Patient Page article, “Choosing a Parkinson Disease Treatment,” co-authored by Dr. Melissa Armstrong:  https://bit.ly/2RD2Yfz from Department of Neurology » College of Medicine » University of Florida https://ift.tt/3bRKwrx

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Study contradicts the conventional belief that burnout is associated with workplace factors, and depressive symptoms are more heavily influenced by personal factors. Burnout, researchers say, is much more closely related to factors that drive depression than previously thought. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3cYvtfP

This diagnostic study explores whether positron emission tomography with [18F]flortaucipir can detect tau pathology and Alzheimer disease neuropathologic changes in terminally ill adults with or without dementia. from journals https://ift.tt/2zAIs9f

Males who contract COVID-19 have 2.5 times the death rate of women. Being males is a significant risk factor for worse disease severity, regardless of age. Researchers found a similar trend in data from the 2003 SARS outbreak. The study speculates the reason why males are more prone to negative outcomes of coronavirus is due to levels of ACE2, which is significantly higher in males than females. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2Skuizp

APOE4, a gene implicated as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, triggers leaks in the blood-brain barrier. The damage to capillaries APOE4 causes correlates with increased levels of cyclophilin, a protein that causes the inflammation that is a signature of early Alzheimer's. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3eX1Tt7

Selfish people tend to remember being more benevolent than they actually are. The false memory helps those with selfish tendencies to maintain a moral self-image. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2WbwTNg

A simple smell test could help doctors to identify which patients in a vegetative state will recover. 100% of patients in a vegetative state who reacted to the sniff test went on to regain consciousness. 91% of those were still alive three years post-injury. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2KWtdtP

Mounting evidence suggests coronavirus affects the brain, in addition to the lungs. Researchers are examining the threat COVID-19 posses to long term brain health. They speculate maternal inflammation could lead to an increased risk of autism-like behaviors and neurodevelopment deficits in children born to mothers diagnosed with coronavirus. Other studies are exploring how the virus may spread in the nervous system via synaptic transmission. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2KKR0gc

People with schizophrenia have lower levels of S1P, a type of fatty molecule found in white matter. Evaluating post mortem tissue of those who died from a range of psychiatric disorders, researchers found the decreased levels of S1P in the brain was only attributed to those with schizophrenia. The findings could lead to new targeted treatments for the mental health disorder. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2KLG0yQ

The experts at the UF Health Shands Comprehensive Stroke Center are dedicated to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of strokes. We provide the latest technology, medications and care for the stroke patient’s entire needs. The optimal treatment for ischemic stroke requires 24/7 availability of stroke neurologists and endovascular neurosurgeons. The goal is to take the stroke patient, as rapidly as possible, for diagnostic imaging. Advanced treatments, including intravenous tissue plasminogen activator and-most importantly-intravascular mechanical retrieval of clots from major brain arteries, can lead to previously unachievable patient outcomes. Surgical intervention for stroke is directed by Brian L. Hoh, M.D., who works with stroke neurologists Anna Khanna, MD, and Christina Wilson, MD. Dr. Hoh and his team of cerebrovascular/endovascular neurosurgeons provide neurosurgical evaluations of hemorrhagic stroke patients and perform endovascular procedures, including the removal of art...

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En este video, el doctor Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora, neurólogo especialista en la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) y el jefe de división del área de trastornos de movimiento en la Universidad de Florida, nos habla acerca del impacto que está causando la infección mundial del coronavirus en personas con enfermedad de Parkinson. El doctor Ramirez-Zamora responde las preguntas más comunes acera de la interacción entre la infección con COVID-19 y el riesgo que tienen las personas con enfermedad de Parkinson. Este video es parte 1 de la serie con el doctor Ramirez-Zamora sobre el tema de COVID-19 y la EP. Visite Parkinson.org/Espanol para obtener mas recursos en español y para leer las principales preguntas y respuestas sobre el COVID-19 en español. from Department of Neurology » College of Medicine » University of Florida https://ift.tt/35gb82Z

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The COVID-19 crisis has caused a rapid advance in the use of telemedicine for patients with neurological conditions. In a new Viewpoint article in JAMA Neurology,  Michael S. Okun , M.D., chair of the department of neurology in the UF College of Medicine, and co-authors discuss the impact of this change and its potential long-term effect on health care delivery. “We hope that the telemedicine and remote monitoring advances will persist after the crisis has passed. Telemedicine for chronic neurological disorders should become part of the new normal rather than the exception,” said the authors. Click here to read the Viewpoint article in JAMA Neurology. from Department of Neurology » College of Medicine » University of Florida https://ift.tt/3bR0ySs

Study shows how sex-determining genes can mediate courtship and aggressive behaviors in fruit flies. The findings demonstrate the complexity of the relationship between behavior and sex. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2VKNEzR

Despite the push for the country to reopen, researchers warn social distancing measures should remain in effect until the summer to avoid a potential deadly resurgence of coronavirus. A new model shows that as more emphasis is placed on relaxing social distancing, a resurgence of COVID-19 infections becomes more likely and will be more difficult to control later in the year. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2SeIhGU

When the COVID-19 virus started to make a serious impact in the U.S., with hospitals nationwide overwhelmingly underequipped with protective gear, some Gainesville-area jacks-of-all-trades went to work. The collaborative effort started with Forrest Masters, a University of Florida engineering professor, sending messages to other labs on campus on March 19 to see if something could be done. By April 1, the group met for the first time. “He put a call out to all of the labs to sort of mobilize us,” said Juan Griego, director of UF’s DCP Fabrication Lab, which was created out of a collaboration between the School of Architecture and School of Art. “First he wanted to figure out how many labs were around and what we all had in equipment. from Department of Neurology » College of Medicine » University of Florida https://ift.tt/2YdQ4J5

Study reports short-term cold exposure activates brown fat and energy metabolism, helping people with brown adipose fat burn calories 15% more than those without. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2YcMxdR

Brain activity alters over the heartbeat cycle, helping us make sure certain information is kept out of our conscious experience. The findings provide a conceptual framework to explain how internal signals integrate into our conscious perception of the world. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2W4qW4I

Researchers combined intact neurons from a rat's spinal cord with a tissue-engineered 3D muscle system, creating a biohybrid robot, or biobot. After culturing the system for seven days, the motor neurons from the spinal cord produced electrical activity, causing contractions in the artificial muscles and mimicking the behavior of the peripheral nervous system. The findings could have positive implications for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders that affect motor control. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2Sf3HnB

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Mouse study reveals the sperm of males infected with Toxoplasma carries an altered epigenetic signature that impacts the brain of the offspring. While the effects of T. gondii infections in pregnant women are fairly well documented, this is a novel study looking at the impact of male infection and its impact on offspring. The study raises the question as to whether T. gondii infections in men before conception impact the health and development of future generations. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2YiBr7d

A novel two-person MRI study reveals what goes on in the brain when two people touch and cuddle. During the interaction, the subjects' brain activity synchronized. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2zyYNLu

The Novartis agent showed significant reduction of migraine days in both the real-world TELESCOPE and PERISCOPE studies in patients with migraine. from Front page feed https://ift.tt/2W96eAy

Alnylam Pharmaceuticals recently completed enrollment in the phase 3 HELIOS-A clinical trial of the drug. from Front page feed https://ift.tt/2Yl3Vx0

The Idorsia drug candidate demonstrated minimal serious treatment-emergent adverse events, with no rebound insomnia or withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation. from Front page feed https://ift.tt/2Yaipjv

Congratulations Drs. Wong, Almedia, Hess and Okun on the publication of “A Comprehensive Review of Brain Connectomics and Imaging to Improve Deep Brain Stimulation Outcomes,” in Movement Disorders. Abstract DBS is an effective neuromodulatory therapy that has been applied in various conditions, including PD, essential tremor, dystonia, Tourette syndrome, and other movement disorders. There have also been recent examples of applications in epilepsy, chronic pain, and neuropsychiatric conditions. Innovations in neuroimaging technology have been driving connectomics, an emerging whole‐brain network approach to neuroscience. Two rising techniques are functional connectivity profiling and structural connectivity profiling. Functional connectivity profiling explores the operational relationships between multiple regions of the brain with respect to time and stimuli. Structural connectivity profiling approximates physical connections between different brain regions through reconstruction o...

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Stroke, <a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/toc/str/51/5">Volume 51, Issue 5</a>, Page 1363-1363, May 1, 2020. from WoltersKluwer: Stroke: Table of Contents https://ift.tt/2xVK8K8 via IFTTT

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During examination of a 62-year-old woman with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, left eyelid manual elevation caused exacerbated ptosis on the right (enhanced ptosis) (figure). According to Hering law, there is approximately equal innervation of the levator palpebrae superioris muscles in both eyelids. 1 In an asymmetric ptosis, the motor impulses increase to compensate ptosis on the more affected side but also flow to the contralateral eyelid, which mitigates ptosis on that side. With manual elevation of the more affected eyelid, the need to sustain eyelid elevation is relieved, and there is an attenuation of these motor impulses causing ptosis enhancement of the other eyelid (video 1). 2 from Neurology recent issues https://ift.tt/3eZkVij

In their article, "Long-term exposure to air pollution and trajectories of cognitive decline among older adults," Dr. Kulick and colleagues 1 examined the association between exposure to long-term air pollution and cognitive decline in older adults living in New York City. from Neurology recent issues https://ift.tt/3eU8c0p

Examining different types of coronaviruses, researchers report the viral infections coexist in most winter seasons, although they exhibit structured seasonal patterns with some appearing to generate illnesses in the community at the same time. Others appear to circulate in their own unique patterns. Findings suggest SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, may find itself in competition with other seasonal coronaviruses and either struggle to persist in the longterm or may eliminate one or more seasonal coronavirus. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2y3SdMI

On average, women have to work harder to breathe during strenuous exercise than men. The findings not only shed light on how sex may affect exercise dynamics but also the differences in how men and women experience airway disorders, such as asthma and COPD. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2W5IpJU

Rats fed on a high-fat diet were more mentally exhausted following a novel object recognition test than those fed a healthier diet. Findings suggest high-fat diets not only contribute to obesity, but they can also have an impact on mental fatigue and cognitive abilities. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2SadKKE

Researchers use optogenetic based deep brain stimulation to help treat motor dysfunction in animal models of Parkinson's disease. The new technique provides insights into why DBS works and ways in which it can be improved on a patient-by-patient basis. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2ySbjVW

COVID-19 poses a substantial and underappreciated risk to pregnant women, researchers warn. Some studies suggest the novel coronavirus can be transmitted to the fetus in utero. Researchers impress more research be conducted into the effects of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy and the risks it poses postnatally. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2xajNr4

Enteric neurons appear to play a key role in the development of Parkinson's disease. The findings support the hypothesis and previous studies that the neurodegenerative disease may start in the gut before spreading to the brain. Researchers also found oligodendrocytes were affected during the early stages of Parkinson's, even before the loss of dopaminergic neurons. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2VIk3r2

Findings support the idea that lithium, a drug more commonly associated with the treatment of bipolar disorder, may help treat those with SHANK3 related autism. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2KFrb0U

Reducing neuroinflammation in the brain before cognitive impairment becomes apparent can help slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2yJcffr

Cannabidiol (CBD) appears to slow the growth of glioblastoma brain cancer cells in both animal and human cell lines. CBD's anti-cancer actions target mitochondria, causing them to dysfunction and release harmful reactive oxygen species. Cancer cells treated with CBD exhibited significant decreases in mitochondrial activity. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2VI0VsV

Patients with implanted deep brain stimulation devices to treat movement disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders or epilepsy face unique challenges for device management during the COVID-19 pandemic. A new commentary published online April 24 in the Journal of Parkinson’s Disease, co-authored Michael S. Okun, M.D., chair of the department of neurology in the UF College of Medicine, offers recommendations aimed at improving DBS patient safety and helping guide appropriate use of health care resources. Read the commentary in the Journal of Parkinson’s Disease. Watch Dr. Okun’s Facebook Live offering advice for patients with DBS. from Department of Neurology » College of Medicine » University of Florida https://ift.tt/2W1BqSu

Parkinson’s expert and  University of Florida  chair of neurology Dr. Michael Okun participated in a  Parkinson’s Foundation had a Facebook Live event on April 22nd about managing deep brain stimulation devices during the COVID-19 crisis. Visit bit.ly/2KwiJ3K  for more informational videos for Parkinson’s patents and families during this uncertain time. from Department of Neurology » College of Medicine » University of Florida https://ift.tt/3aHhOs7

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The medical community continues to wrestle with the full implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data is surfacing daily based on the experiences of physicians working on the frontlines. Now we must sort out this information to develop a more complete understanding of what it means. We also need to figure out how – or if – it should change the approach to caring for patients infected by the novel coronavirus. This is certainly true for neurologists as case information trickles in about neurologic signs and symptoms. A recent case report in JAMA outlined the clinical course of an elderly patient with COVID-19 who developed encephalopathy. The authors of the paper mentioned other potential neurologic complications of the disease, including acute stroke, impaired consciousness, and skeletal muscle injury. Another case study published in The Lancet on April 1 reports the first known presentation of Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient with COVID-19. Other reports include trigeminal neu...

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Study reports we tend to prefer fictional villains who are darker versions of ourselves. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2VGCKLz

The neuropeptide somatostatin improves visual processing and cognitive behaviors by reducing excitatory inputs to parvalbumin-positive interneurons in mice. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3d12OXN

Social distancing, while essential for public health during the coronavirus pandemic, thwarts the human impulse to draw together in times of danger. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3aHoBlq

Negative predictors of shunt surgery outcome in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Bådagård H, Braun M, Nilsson D, Stridh L, Virhammar J. Acta Neurol Scand 2020; 141:219-225. Abstract OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and vascular comorbidity increases with age. It has not been clarified if high age and vascular disease are negative predictors of […] via What features predict poor outcome following shunt surgery for NPH? — Neurochecklists Blog from The Neurology Lounge https://ift.tt/2y45ZyX

Brain connections strengthened with treatment from fast-acting antidepressants, such as ketamine, are consolidated during deep sleep. Researchers propose rapid antidepressant treatments share the ability to regulate both synaptic potentiation and homeostatic mechanisms, which may contribute to how the brain reorganizes its activity to defeat depression. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/3aENVsr

Indoor levels of carbon dioxide may reach levels harmful to cognition by the end of this century. Researchers say the best way to reduce this hidden consequence of climate change is to reduce fossil fuel emissions. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/357LGwx

To the Editor An observational study of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute minor neurological symptoms revealed imaging evidence for acute infarction in 13.5% and revision of clinical diagnosis in 30%. This “implies a considerable percentage of patients’ negative MRI findings resulted in a different diagnosis, likely that a presumed stroke did not exist.” This conclusion is misleading in 2 respects. from journals https://ift.tt/2ROSLg4

Researchers have developed two new compounds that are able to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 main protease. The study reports one of the compounds is a strong drug candidate for further investigative trials in the treatment of coronavirus. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2Kw8yMT

Researchers combine machine learning, EEG, and new functional imaging technology to dynamically map a neural signal's source and underlying brain networks. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2Y5UsKb

Using 3D imaging and artificial intelligence, researchers discovered the shortest distance between two points on the curved surface of the face predicted, with 89% accuracy, which patients had sleep apnea. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2zvEcry

Patients with severe COVID-19 infections have higher blood levels of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which produce NETosis, an inflammatory type of neutrophil cell death. Researchers believe the NETs may be relevant to numerous aspects of novel coronavirus as thrombosis and inflammation are hallmarks of the severe infection. from Neuroscience News https://ift.tt/2VR3Z4M

This Viewpoint describes the reasons for and reality of a rapid advance towards telemedicine in neurology during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. from journals https://ift.tt/2yLYtIM

Imaging is central to neurological practice. It doesn’t take much to tempt a neurologist to ‘order’ or ‘request’ an MRI or a CT . In appropriate circumstances the imaging is a DAT scan , and with a bit more savvy, exciting imaging modalities such as amyloid scans and tau PET scans . In the playpen of the neurologist, the more ‘high tech’ the imaging technology, the more cutting-edge it feels-even if it doesn’t make much of a difference to the patient. Ultrasound on the other hand is the mongrel of imaging technologies. Too simple, too cheap, too available, too unsophisticated-not better than good old  X-rays . It is safe to assume that the pen of the neurologist hardly ever ticks the ultrasound box. What for? prd brain scan. Patrick Denker on Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/pdenker/74684051 And yet, ultrasound has an established, even if poorly appreciated, place in neurological imaging. It is perhaps best known for its usefulness in assessing carpal tunnel syndrom...